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Certain relaxation techniques known as "formal and passive relaxation exercises" are generally performed while sitting or lying quietly, with minimal movement, and involve "a degree of withdrawal". [6] These include: Autogenic training; Biofeedback; Deep breathing; Guided imagery; Hypnosis; Meditation; Pranayama; Progressive muscle relaxation ...
There are several exercises designed to develop mindfulness meditation, which may be aided by guided meditations "to get the hang of it". [8] [69] [note 3] As forms of self-observation and interoception, these methods increase awareness of the body, so they are usually beneficial to people with low self-awareness or low awareness of their bodies or emotional state.
[178] [179] The most common form is a combination of meditation music and receptive music therapy, guided imagery, relaxation, mindfulness, and journaling. [180] [181] [182] Because of the different combinations used under the one term, it can be difficult to attribute positive or negative outcomes to any of the various techniques.
Participants are also assigned daily homework (45 minutes) and instructed in three primary techniques: mindfulness meditation, body scanning, and simple yoga postures. [4] Group discussions and exploration—of the meditation practice and its application to everyday life—are integral to the program.
The technique is recommended for 20 minutes twice per day. [10] According to the Maharishi, "bubbles of thought are produced in a stream one after the other", and the Transcendental Meditation technique consists of experiencing a "proper thought" in its more subtle states "until its subtlest state is experienced and transcended".
Relaxation techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation can alter the body's physical and emotional response to stress by impacting the sympathetic nervous system. [6] [16] The sympathetic nervous system helps the body activate the fight-or-flight response. The sympathetic nervous system is more active when a person is stressed or in danger ...
The cultural historian Alistair Shearer writes that the name yoga nidra is an umbrella term for different systems of "progressive relaxation or 'guided meditation'." [ 26 ] He comments that Satyananda promoted his version of yoga nidra, claiming it was ancient, when its connections to ancient texts "seem vague at best". [ 26 ]
Autogenic training is a relaxation technique first published by the German psychiatrist Johannes Heinrich Schultz in 1932. The technique involves repetitions of a set of visualisations accompanied by vocal suggestions that induce a state of relaxation and is based on passive concentration of bodily perceptions like heaviness and warmth of limbs, which are facilitated by self-suggestions.