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John Machin (bapt. c. 1686 – June 9, 1751) [1] was a professor of astronomy at Gresham College, London. He is best known for developing a quickly converging series for pi in 1706 and using it to compute pi to 100 decimal places.
In mathematics, Machin-like formulas are a popular technique for computing π (the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle) to a large number of digits. They are generalizations of John Machin 's formula from 1706:
In 1706, John Machin used Gregory's series (the Taylor series for arctangent) and the identity = to calculate 100 digits of π (see § Machin-like formula below). [ 30 ] [ 31 ] In 1719, Thomas de Lagny used a similar identity to calculate 127 digits (of which 112 were correct).
The digits of pi extend into infinity, and pi is itself an irrational number, meaning it can’t be truly represented by an integer fraction (the one we often learn in school, 22/7, is not very ...
Calculated pi to 72 digits, but not all were correct 71: 1706: John Machin [2] 100: 1706: William Jones: Introduced the Greek letter ' π ' 1719: Thomas Fantet de Lagny [2] Calculated 127 decimal places, but not all were correct 112: 1721: Anonymous Calculation made in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, giving the
In 1706, John Machin used the Gregory–Leibniz series to produce an algorithm that converged much faster: [3] [81] [82] = . Machin reached 100 digits of π with this formula. [ 83 ] Other mathematicians created variants, now known as Machin-like formulae , that were used to set several successive records for calculating digits of π .
where C is the circumference of a circle, d is the diameter, and r is the radius.More generally, = where L and w are, respectively, the perimeter and the width of any curve of constant width.
In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that = + + = = +,. an alternating series.. It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), [1] and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in ...