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Symphony orchestras and concert bands usually tune to an A440 or a B♭, respectively, provided by the principal oboist or clarinetist, who tune to the keyboard if part of the performance. [2] When only strings are used, then the principal string (violinist) typically has sounded the tuning pitch, but some orchestras have used an electronic ...
It is, however, common performance practice, especially in the German Baroque idiom, to tune certain works to Chorton, approximately a semitone higher than 440 Hz (460–470 Hz) (e.g., Pre-Leipzig period cantatas of Bach). [28] Orchestras in Cuba typically use A436 as the pitch so that strings, which are difficult to obtain, last longer.
Orchestras tune to a concert A played by the first oboe. [10] According to the League of American Orchestras, this is done because the pitch is secure and its penetrating sound makes it ideal for tuning. [11] The pitch of the oboe is affected by the way in which the reed is made. The reed has a significant effect on the sound.
A440 (also known as Stuttgart pitch [1]) is the musical pitch corresponding to an audio frequency of 440 Hz, which serves as a tuning standard for the musical note of A above middle C, or A 4 in scientific pitch notation.
The A string is tuned first to a reference pitch source such as a tuning fork or, in most orchestras, the oboe, typically to 440 Hz, although some orchestras tune to another standard A such as 442, or even as high as 445 or 446 Hz to produce a brighter sound. Early music groups interested in authentic performance may use a lower standard A.
Klaus Makela, appointed music director of the Chicago Symphony at the age of 28, has been likened to Gustavo Dudamel. Why orchestras' chasing of youth could have downsides.
When the orchestra tunes, the oboe plays an "A" and the rest of the instruments tune to match that pitch. Every string instrument in the orchestra has an A string, from which each player can tune the rest of their instrument. "A" is also used in combination with a number (e.g. A-440) to label the pitch standard.
Other than that, the most contemporary number of the night was “Calling America,” which hails from 1986’s Balance of Power and stands as the final Electric Light Orchestra tune to make it ...