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Radio-telescope images taken in 1998 confirm that Betelgeuse has a highly complex atmosphere, [158] with a temperature of 3,450 ± 850 K, similar to that recorded on the star's surface but much lower than surrounding gas in the same region. [158] [159] The VLA images also show this lower-temperature gas progressively cools as it extends outward ...
A star in this hypothetical state is called a "quark star" or more specifically a "strange star". The pulsar 3C58 has been suggested as a possible quark star. Most neutron stars are thought to hold a core of quark matter but this has proven difficult to determine observationally. [citation needed]
A-type star In the Harvard spectral classification system, a class of main-sequence star having spectra dominated by Balmer absorption lines of hydrogen. Stars of spectral class A are typically blue-white or white in color, measure between 1.4 and 2.1 times the mass of the Sun, and have surface temperatures of 7,600–10,000 kelvin.
The evolving star may eject some portion of its atmosphere to form a nebula, either steadily to form a planetary nebula or in a supernova explosion that leaves a remnant. Depending on the initial mass of the star and the presence or absence of a companion, a star may spend the last part of its life as a compact object ; either a white dwarf ...
"The unusual object, called CX330, was first detected as a source of X-ray light in 2009," according to a NASA news press release. It's closest neighboring star formation is over a thousand light ...
But the total radiation emitted by a star (or other cosmic object) is at most equal to the total nuclear binding energy of isotopes in the star. For the density of the observable universe of about 4.6×10 −28 kg/m 3 and given the known abundance of the chemical elements, the corresponding maximal radiation energy density of 9.2×10 −31 kg/m ...
A final state for a star in the far future (10 1500 years) of the universe, when all matter is transmuted to iron via quantum tunneling. — The universe isn't old enough for this form to come into existence. MECO: A hypothetical alternative to black holes. Q0957+561: Planck star: A star where the energy density is around the Planck density.
Here's how faint dwarf galaxies, revealed by JWST, sparked the reionization epoch and ended the universe's dark ages with their powerful radiation. Astronomers Found the Ancient Light Source That ...