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A flat roof is a roof which is almost level in contrast to the many types of sloped roofs. The slope of a roof is properly known as its pitch and flat roofs have up to approximately 10°. [ 1 ] Flat roofs are an ancient form mostly used in arid climates and allow the roof space to be used as a living space or a living roof .
Membrane roofing is a type of roofing system for buildings, RVs, ponds, and, in some cases, tanks. It is used to create a watertight covering to protect the interior of a building. Membrane roofs are most commonly made from synthetic rubber, thermoplastic (PVC or similar material), or modified bitumen. Membrane roofs are most commonly used in ...
Satari: A Swedish variant on the monitor roof; a double hip roof with a short vertical wall usually with small windows, popular from the 17th century on formal buildings. [citation needed] (Säteritak in Swedish.) Mansard (French roof): A roof with the pitch divided into a shallow slope above a steeper slope. The steep slope may be curved.
A more recent design is the installation of a roof deck with foil-backed foam along with a second deck that is air-gapped away from the foil-backed foam to allow air to flow vertically to a ventilation outlet at the peak of the roof—it is a double-deck design with an air gap. This design improves efficiency. [13]
Southern I-House style home. An I-house is a two or three-story house that is one room deep with a double-pen, hall-parlor, central-hall or saddlebag layout. [15] New England I-house: characterized by a central chimney [16] Pennsylvania I-house: characterized by internal gable-end chimneys at the interior of either side of the house [16]
The roof of this dormer is a single flat plane approximately horizontal (although usually slightly inclined to allow rain water to run off). Shed dormer This dormer also has a single flat plane roof, but in this case, it is sloped in the same direction as the principal roof, only at a shallower angle. [ 7 ]
Opened windows Interior view of roof windows. A roof window is an outward opening window that is incorporated as part of the design of a roof. Often confused with a skylight, a roof window differs in a few basic ways. [citation needed] A roof window is often a good option when there is a desire to allow both light and fresh air into the space.
The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice, and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries, a roof protects primarily against rain.