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Some risk factors include antithyroid antibodies, type 1 diabetes, history of thyroid problems, and family history of thyroid problems. According to the National Institute of Health, postpartum thyroiditis is especially common in Pakistan because it is an iodine-deficient country. [citation needed]
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [ 1 ] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ .
Patients with Graves' disease are more sensitive than euthyroid patients, [5] and iodine has been used to manage Graves' disease. The Wolff–Chaikoff effect is known as an autoregulatory phenomenon that inhibits organification in the thyroid gland , the formation of thyroid hormones inside the thyroid follicle, and the release of thyroid ...
Thyroiditis is generally caused by an immune system attack on the thyroid, resulting in inflammation and damage to the thyroid cells. This disease is often considered a malfunction of the immune system and can be associated with IgG4-related systemic disease, in which symptoms of autoimmune pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis and noninfectious aortitis also occur.
Yearly thyroid function tests are recommended in people with Down syndrome, as they are at higher risk of thyroid disease. [61] Guidelines for England and Wales from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend testing for thyroid disease in people with type 1 diabetes and new-onset atrial fibrillation, and suggests ...
Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis features a small goiter without tenderness. This condition tends to have a phase of hyperthyroidism followed by a return to a euthyroid state, and then a phase of hypothyroidism, followed again by a return to the euthyroid state.
The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), as part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, supports clinical and basic research to establish a scientific basis for the nursing care of individuals across the life span—from management of patients during illness and recovery, to the reduction of risks for disease and disability, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.
The production of antibodies in Graves' disease is thought to arise by activation of CD4+ T-cells, followed by B-cell recruitment into the thyroid. These B-cells produce antibodies specific to the thyroid antigens. In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, activated CD4+ T-cells produce interferon-γ, causing the thyroid cells to display MHC class II ...