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Cleisthenes (/ ˈ k l aɪ s θ ɪ n iː z / KLYS-thin-eez; Ancient Greek: Κλεισθένης), or Clisthenes (c. 570 – c. 508 BC), was an ancient Athenian lawgiver credited with reforming the constitution of ancient Athens and setting it on a democratic footing in 508 BC.
The name of the day is also related to the Latin name diēs Mārtis, "Day of Mars" (the Roman god of war). Wednesday : Old English Wōdnesdæg ( pronounced [ˈwoːdnezdæj] ) meaning the day of the Germanic god Woden (known as Óðinn among the North Germanic peoples), and a prominent god of the Anglo-Saxons (and other Germanic peoples) in ...
In 753 BCE the perpetual archonship by the Eupatridae [3] were limited to 10 year terms (the "decennial archons"). [4] After 683 BCE the offices were held for only a single year. [5] Bust of Solon, democratic reformer in Athenian Antiquity. By the 7th century BCE, social unrest had become widespread, as Athens suffered a land and agrarian crisis.
Protestant Reformers were theologians whose careers, works and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century. In the context of the Reformation, Martin Luther was the first reformer, sharing his views publicly in 1517, followed by Andreas Karlstadt and Philip Melanchthon at Wittenberg , who promptly joined the new movement.
Prior to Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers, there were earlier reform movements within Western Christianity. The Reformation, however, is usually considered to have started with the publication of the Ninety-five Theses, authored by Martin Luther in 1517. Four years later, in January 1521, Luther was excommunicated by Pope Leo X.
Before Solon's reforms, the Athenian state was administered by nine archons appointed or elected annually by the Areopagus on the basis of noble birth and wealth. [66] [67] [f] There was an assembly of Athenian citizens (the Ekklesia) but the lowest class (the Thetes) was not admitted and its deliberative procedures were controlled by the ...
Some Athenian citizens were far more active than others, but the vast numbers required for the system to work testify to a breadth of direct participation among those eligible that greatly surpassed any present-day democracy. [30] Athenian citizens had to be descended from citizens; after the reforms of Pericles and Cimon in 450 BC, only those ...
Horace Mann was born in Franklin, Massachusetts. [4] His father was a farmer without much money. Mann was the great-grandson of Samuel Man. [5]From age ten to age twenty, he had no more than six weeks' schooling during any year, [6] but he made use of the Franklin Public Library, the first public library in America.