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Methylxanthines are chemical compounds which are derivatives of xanthine with one or more methyl groups, including: One methyl group: 1-Methylxanthine;
7-Methylxanthine (7-MX), also known as heteroxanthine, is an active metabolite of caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a non-selective antagonist of the adenosine receptors .
Name Other common names Scientific name Drug Adverse effects Cinchona bark Cinchona pubescens: Warfarin Possible additive effect [3] Chamomile: Blood thinners [23] Devil's Claw: grapple plant, wood spider Harpagophytum: Warfarin Additive effect [3] Ephedra Ephedra: Caffeine, decongestants, stimulants [15] Increases sympathomimetic effect of ...
Xanthine (/ ˈ z æ n θ iː n / or / ˈ z æ n θ aɪ n /, from Ancient Greek ξανθός xanthós ' yellow ' for its yellowish-white appearance; archaically xanthic acid; systematic name 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione) is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids, as well as in other organisms. [2]
Its pharmacology is similar to other methylxanthine drugs (e.g., theobromine and caffeine). [1] Trace amounts of theophylline are naturally present in tea, coffee, chocolate, yerba maté, guarana, and kola nut. [1] [3] The name 'theophylline' derives from "Thea"—the former genus name for tea + Legacy Greek φύλλον (phúllon, "leaf") + -ine.
A mouse study on the potentiating effects of methylxanthines coadministered with mitomycin C on teratogenicity reported the incidence of birth defects for caffeine, theophylline, and paraxanthine to be 94.2%, 80.0%, and 16.9%, respectively; additionally, average birth weight decreased significantly in mice exposed to caffeine or theophylline ...
Methylxanthines activate histone deacetylases, promoting the deacetylation of histone and subsequent DNA folding. This inhibits the synthesis of pro-inflammatory factors that induce asthma attacks and exacerbations, achieving anti-inflammatory effects. [19] For asthma maintenance therapy, methylxanthines are taken orally. [2]
This research facility is designed to simulate real-world, non-hospital environments, allowing Mayo Clinic researchers to study the interaction between indoor spaces and human health. [87] Mayo Clinic's Advanced Care at Home Model of Care launched in 2020 and assists patients in their own homes through virtual care. [88]