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Hemimegalencephaly (HME), or unilateral megalencephaly, is a rare congenital disorder affecting all or a part of a cerebral hemisphere. [2] It causes severe seizures, which are often frequent and hard to control. A minority might have seizure control with medicines, but most will need removal or disconnection of the affected hemisphere as the ...
Complex partial status epilepticus (CPSE) is one of the non-convulsive forms of status epilepticus, a rare form of epilepsy defined by its recurrent nature. CPSE is characterized by seizures involving long-lasting stupor, staring and unresponsiveness. [1] Sometimes this is accompanied by motor automatisms, such as eye twitching. [2]
Note: many adolescents and young adults may have CDD but were never tested since such tests were not available when they were infants. Therefore, epilepsy panels for CDD and other genes should be considered in such individuals. [8] A diagnostic ICD-10 code has been assigned to CDKL5 deficiency disorder: G40.42 (since 2020). [9]
Status epilepticus (SE), or status seizure, is a medical condition consisting of a single seizure lasting more than 5 minutes, or 2 or more seizures within a 5-minute period without the person returning to normal between them. [3] [1] Previous definitions used a 30-minute time limit. [2]
Foix–Chavany–Marie syndrome is primarily caused by multiple strokes and lesions. However, less common causes that can eventually produce lesions to the operculum resulting in the FCMS syndrome include the following; tumors , trauma, encephalitis , neurodegenerative diseases, and vasculitis .
Approximately 60% of MCTD patients develop visible arthritis, frequently with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) deformities such as boutonniere deformities and swan neck alterations. [ 16 ] [ 22 ] Other features include tiny marginal erosions [ 23 ] [ 24 ] and destructive arthritis, such as arthritis mutilans .
Generalized epilepsy is a form of epilepsy characterised by generalised seizures with no apparent cause. [1] Generalized seizures, as opposed to focal seizures, are a type of seizure that impairs consciousness and distorts the electrical activity of the whole or a larger portion of the brain (which can be seen, for example, on electroencephalography, EEG).
Panayiotopoulos syndrome (named after C. P. Panayiotopoulos) is a common idiopathic childhood-related seizure disorder that occurs exclusively in otherwise normal children (idiopathic epilepsy) and manifests mainly with autonomic epileptic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus. [1]