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A bee sting is the wound and pain caused by the stinger of a female bee puncturing skin. Bee stings differ from insect bites, with the venom of stinging insects having considerable chemical variation. The reaction of a person to a bee sting may vary according to the bee species. While bee stinger venom is slightly acidic and causes only mild ...
A 2004 study from Johns Hopkins University found that, unless they’d received allergy treatments for bee stings, a significant percentage of those who’d had severe reactions to bee stings as ...
Apitoxin or bee venom is the venom produced by the honey bee. It is a cytotoxic and hemotoxic bitter colorless liquid containing proteins , which may produce local inflammation . It may have similarities to sea nettle toxin .
Melittin is the main compound in bee venom, accounting for the potential lethality of a bee sting, which causes an anaphylactic reaction in some people. [5] At the sites of multiple stings, localized pain, swelling, and skin redness occur, and if bees are swallowed, life-threatening swelling of the throat and respiratory passages may develop.
Although it was not clear if the driver had an allergic reaction to the bee stings, the Mayo Clinic does note that “Multiple stings…can be a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment.”
In 1609, the English beekeeper Charles Butler observed that the sting of a bee released a liquid. This liquid attracted other bees, which then began to sting en masse. [ 15 ] Butler thus demonstrated for the first time the effect of an alarm pheromone of bees, which was identified as isoamyl acetate in the 1960s. [ 16 ]
The Koschevnikov gland is a gland of the honeybee [1] located near the sting shaft.The gland produces an alarm pheromone that is released when a bee stings. The pheromone contains more than 40 different compounds, including pentylacetate, butyl acetate, 1-hexanol, n-butanol, 1-octanol, hexylacetate, octylacetate, and 2-nonanol.
A male Xylocopa virginica (Eastern Carpenter bee) on Redbud (Cercis canadensis). Bees can suffer serious effects from toxic chemicals in their environments. These include various synthetic chemicals, particularly insecticides, as well as a variety of naturally occurring chemicals from plants, such as ethanol resulting from the fermentation of organic materials.
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