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This is an important area of research in this field, and a major goal of the modern theory of turbulence is to understand what is universal in the inertial range, and how to deduce intermittency properties from the Navier-Stokes equations, i.e. from first principles.
Turbulence in the tip vortex from an airplane wing. Studies of the critical point beyond which a system creates turbulence were important for chaos theory, analyzed for example by the Soviet physicist Lev Landau, who developed the Landau-Hopf theory of turbulence.
In fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling is the construction and use of a mathematical model to predict the effects of turbulence. Turbulent flows are commonplace in most real-life scenarios. In spite of decades of research, there is no analytical theory to predict the evolution of these turbulent flows.
Even in the most severe turbulence, fatalities are extremely rare; the most recent incident I can find was in December 1997 aboard a United Airlines flight from Tokyo to Honolulu, in which one ...
One passenger died and 30 others were injured aboard a Singapore Airlines flight that was hit by "severe turbulence," officials said Tuesday, but experts say such deaths are rare even as ...
800-290-4726 more ways to reach us. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us. ... Yes, planes are designed to withstand even extreme turbulence ...
Schematic illustration of production, energy cascade and dissipation in the energy spectrum of turbulence. The largest motions, or eddies, of turbulence contain most of the kinetic energy, whereas the smallest eddies are responsible for the viscous dissipation of turbulence kinetic energy. Kolmogorov hypothesized that when these scales are well ...
The statistical theory of fluid turbulence comprises a large body of literature and its results are applied in many areas of research, from meteorology to oceanography. Statistical diffusion theory originated with G. I. Taylor's (1921) paper titled "Diffusion by continuous movements" [ 18 ] and later developed in his paper "Statistical theory ...