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Functional somatic syndrome (FSS) is any of a group of chronic diagnoses with no identifiable organic cause.This term was coined by Hemanth Samkumar. [citation needed] It encompasses disorders such as fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, temporomandibular disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, [1] lower back pain, tension headache, atypical face pain, non-cardiac chest pain, insomnia ...
People with fibromyalgia can also experience insomnia [10] and general hypersensitivity. [11] [12] The causes of fibromyalgia are unknown, with several pathophysiologies proposed. Fibromyalgia was first defined in 1990, with updated criteria in 2011, [4] 2016, [9] and 2019. [12] Fibromyalgia is estimated to affect 2 to 4% of the population. [13]
Response-Based Therapy is the application of response-based practice (abbreviated as RBP) in the area of therapy. The overall approach conceptualizes humans as active agents responding to and within richly complex social contexts.
Post-exertional malaise (PEM), sometimes referred to as post-exertional symptom exacerbation (PESE) [1] or post-exertional neuroimmune exhaustion (PENE), [2] is a worsening of symptoms that occurs after minimal exertion. It is the hallmark symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and common in long COVID and ...
This process typically occurs when an emotional response is repeatedly triggered, but the action tendency associated with the emotion proves irrelevant or unnecessary. Psychologist Mary Cover Jones pioneered early desensitization techniques to help individuals "unlearn" (disassociate from) phobias [ 1 ] and anxieties .
Individuals should perform progressive muscle relaxation in a comfortable place. [16] A person can begin the exercise while sitting or standing. [7] It is important to breathe throughout the entire exercise, [7] because some sources recommend breathing in while tensing the muscles and breathing out as the muscles are released. [7]
Changes in blood pressure and galvanic skin response can also be measured to test stress levels. A digital thermometer can be used to evaluate changes in skin temperature, which can indicate activation of the fight-or-flight response drawing blood away from the extremities. Cortisol is the main hormone released during a stress response and ...
[2] [3] [4] It consists of five components: awareness training, competing response training, contingency management, relaxation training, and generalization training. [1] Research on the efficacy of HRT for behavioral disorders have produced consistent, large effect sizes (approximately 0.80 across the disorders). [3]