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The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was a coup d'état against Queen Liliʻuokalani that took place on January 17, 1893, on the island of Oahu, and was led by the Committee of Safety, composed of seven foreign residents (five Americans, one Scotsman, and one German [5]) and six Hawaiian Kingdom subjects of American descent in Honolulu.
Though many Americans think of a vacation in a tropical paradise when imagining Hawaii, how the 50th state came to be a part of the U.S. is actually a much darker story, generations in the making.
Until annexation in 1898, Hawaii was an independent sovereign state, recognized by the United States, United Kingdom, France, and Germany with exchange of ambassadors. However, there were several challenges to the reigning governments of the Kingdom and Republic of Hawaii during the 8 + 1 ⁄ 2-year (1887–1895) period.
Anti-monarchs, mostly Americans, in Hawaii, engineered the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. On January 17, 1893, the native monarch, Queen Lili'uokalani , was overthrown. Hawaii was initially reconstituted as an independent republic, but the ultimate goal of the action was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which was finally ...
The precipitating event [4]: 582 leading to the overthrow was the attempt by Queen Liliʻuokalani to promulgate a new constitution which would have strengthened the power of the monarch relative to the legislature in which Euro-American business elites held disproportionate power, a political situation that was a direct result of the 1887 ...
The Provisional Government of Hawaii (abbr.: P.G.; Hawaiian: Aupuni Kūikawā o Hawaiʻi) was proclaimed after the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom on January 17, 1893, by the 13-member Committee of Safety under the leadership of its chairman Henry E. Cooper and former judge Sanford B. Dole as the designated President of Hawaii.
On January 17, 1993, a march was held from the Aloha Tower to the ʻIolani Palace to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the "illegal overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii." [ 8 ] The march of 15,000 [ 9 ] [ 10 ] people was led by the Ka Lāhui and was part of the ʻOnipaʻa , an observance of the queen's overthrow. [ 11 ]
In the wake of the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom, President Grover Cleveland of the United States denounced the coup d'état and vowed to reverse the damage done, and to restore the Kingdom. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Following the overthrow, Cleveland launched an investigation headed by James Blount (as then United States Minister to Hawaii ), known as ...