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Copper is a trace mineral that is required in the diet of canines at 7.3 mg/kg. [23] Copper is involved in multiple enzymatic pathways. In dogs, a lack of copper in the diet, leading to a copper deficiency, results in incomplete keratinization. [16] This leads to a dry coat, hypo-pigmentation, and discoloration of the coat. [16]
The human body has complex homeostatic mechanisms which attempt to ensure a constant supply of available copper, while eliminating excess copper whenever this occurs. However, like all essential elements and nutrients, too much or too little nutritional ingestion of copper can result in a corresponding condition of copper excess or deficiency ...
[35]: 140 The dog's visual system has evolved to aid in hunting. [28] Dogs have been shown to be able to discriminate between humans (e.g., identifying their human guardian) at a range of between 800 and 900 metres (2,600 and 3,000 ft); however, this range decreases to 500–600 metres (1,600–2,000 ft) if the object is stationary. [28]
Copper toxicity (or Copperiedus) is a type of metal poisoning caused by an excess of copper in the body. Copperiedus could occur from consuming excess copper salts, but most commonly it is the result of the genetic condition Wilson's disease and Menke's disease , which are associated with mismanaged transport and storage of copper ions.
Loss of hair pigmentation is a common concern for senior dogs. [2] Copper has been shown to improve coat conditions by reducing dry skin and improving the overall pigmentation of the coat. [28] Therefore, copper may able to delay the natural aging process of the whitening of a dog's coat. [28]
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Another function of copper is signaling – for example, stem cells require a certain level of copper in the media to start their differentiation into cells needed for repair. Thus, GHK-Cu's ability to bind copper and to modulate its tissue level is a key factor determining its biological activity. [26]
Copper toxicosis, also known as copper storage disease and copper overload syndrome, is an autosomal recessive disease that is characterized by an accumulation of copper in the liver. [21] It is closely related to Wilson's disease in humans. [21] Bedlington Terriers are more prone to copper toxicosis than most other dog breeds. [21]