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Some possible examples of keys are Social Security Numbers, ISBNs, vehicle registration numbers or user login names. In principle any key may be referenced by foreign keys. Some SQL DBMSs only allow a foreign key constraint against a primary key but most systems will allow a foreign key constraint to reference any key of a table.
In the context of the Microsoft Windows NT line of operating systems, a Security Identifier (SID) is a unique, immutable identifier of a user, user group, or other security principal. A security principal has a single SID for life (in a given domain), and all properties of the principal, including its name, are associated with the SID.
The end user stands in contrast to users who support or maintain the product such as sysops, database administrators and computer technicians. The term is used to abstract and distinguish those who only use the software from the developers of the system, who enhance the software for end users. [ 1 ]
A principal in computer security is an entity that can be authenticated by a computer system or network. It is referred to as a security principal in Java and Microsoft literature. [1] Principals can be individual people, computers, services, computational entities such as processes and threads, or any group of such things. [1]
As in the SAML 2.0 Technical Overview, [3] the terms subject and principal are used interchangeably in this document. Before delivering the subject-based assertion from IdP to the SP, the IdP may request some information from the principal—such as a user name and password—in order to authenticate the principal.
The “@domain” part of the user name could be used to indicate which authority allocated a particular name, for example in form of a Kerberos realm name; an Active Directory domain name; the name of an operating-system vendor (for distribution-specific allocations) the name of a computer (for device-specific allocations)
This refers to each component of the domain. For example www.mydomain.com would be written as DC=www,DC=mydomain,DC=com ou organisational unit This refers to the organisational unit (or sometimes the user group) that the user is part of. If the user is part of more than one group, you may specify as such, e.g., OU= Lawyer,OU= Judge. cn common name
At this point, the identity provider knows the identity of the user principal and so the identity provider constructs a SAML Assertion on behalf of the user principal. For a concrete example of such an Assertion, see the corresponding SAML protocol flow in the SAML 2.0 article.