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PEG 400 is strongly hydrophilic. The partition coefficient of PEG 400 between hexane and water is 0.000015 (log P = − 4.8 {\displaystyle P=-4.8} ), indicating that when PEG 400 is mixed with water and hexane, there are only 15 parts of PEG400 in the hexane layer per 1 million parts of PEG 400 in the water layer.
PEG has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes. [19] PEG is a component of the propellent used in UGM-133M Trident II Missiles, in service with the United States Navy. [20] PEG has been used as a solvent for aryl thioether synthesis. [21]
Triton X--100 (C 14 H 22 O(C 2 H 4 O) n) is a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and an aromatic hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group.
PEGylation is routinely achieved by the incubation of a reactive derivative of PEG with the target molecule. The covalent attachment of PEG to a drug or therapeutic protein can "mask" the agent from the host's immune system (reducing immunogenicity and antigenicity ), and increase its hydrodynamic size (size in solution), which prolongs its ...
The PEG coating consists of hydrophilic molecules that are repulsive to protein adsorption. [11] Proteins consist of hydrophobic molecules and charge sites that want to bind to other hydrophobic molecules and oppositely charged sites. [12] By applying a thin monolayer coating of PEG, protein adsorption is prevented at the device site.
When consecutively measuring amino acids of a protein, changes in value indicate attraction of specific protein regions towards the hydrophobic region inside lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic or hydrophilic character of a compound or amino acid is its hydropathic character, [1] hydropathicity, or hydropathy.
A typical wetting solution molecule consists of a hydrophilic head and long hydrophobic tail. (From top to bottom: non-ionic, anionic, cationic and zwitterionic.) Wetting solutions are liquids containing active chemical compounds that minimise the distance between two immiscible phases by lowering the surface tension to induce optimal spreading.
In some cases, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties occur in a single molecule. An example of these amphiphilic molecules is the lipids that comprise the cell membrane. Another example is soap, which has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail, allowing it to dissolve in both water and oil.