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A joint-stock company must be incorporated, has an independent legal personality and limited liability, and is required to have a certain capital upon incorporation. Ordinary joint-stock companies must have a minimum capital of NOK 30,000 upon incorporation, which was reduced from 100,000 in 2012.
A joint-stock company is a corporate form that dates back to the 16th century. It is a form of company in which ownership and liability is divided up by shares, which can be freely bought and sold.
Societatea pe acțiuni, abbreviated SA (Joint-Stock Company) Societăți hibride (Hybrid companies) Societate cu răspundere limitată, abbreviated SRL (Limited Liability Company) Societatea cu răspundere limitată cu proprietar unic, abbreviated SRL cu proprietar unic; S.A. (Societate pe Acţiuni): ≈ plc (UK)
The term is often translated as "stock company", "joint-stock company" or "stock corporation". The term kabushiki gaisha in Japan refers to any joint-stock company regardless of country of origin or incorporation; however, outside Japan the term refers specifically to joint-stock companies incorporated in Japan.
The Joint Stock Companies Act 1844 (7 & 8 Vict. c. 110) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that expanded access to the incorporation of joint-stock companies. Before the act, incorporation was possible only by royal charter or private act and was limited owing to Parliament's protection of the privileges and advantages thereby ...
Although the validity of the decision in that case had come to be doubted by the mid-Nineteenth century, [5] the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856 – which applied across the UK – put the matter beyond doubt, settling that Scottish 'companies' could be possessed of both separate legal personality and limited liability.
The Joint Stock Companies Act 1856 (19 & 20 Vict. c. 47) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was a consolidating statute, recognised as the founding piece of modern United Kingdom company law legislation.
Limited liability is a legal status in which a person's financial liability is limited to a fixed sum, most commonly the value of a person's investment in a corporation, company, or joint venture. If a company that provides limited liability to its investors is sued, then the claimants are generally entitled to collect only against the assets ...