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While modern firearms are generally referred to by the name of the cartridge the gun is chambered for, they are still categorized together based on bore diameter. [citation needed] For example, a firearm might be described as a "30 caliber rifle", which could accommodate any of a wide range of cartridges using a roughly 0.30 inches (7.6 mm) projectile; or as a "22 rimfire", referring to any ...
The gauge (in American English or more commonly referred to as bore in British English) of a firearm is a unit of measurement used to express the inner diameter (bore diameter) and other necessary parameter to define in general a smoothbore barrel (in difference of caliber what define a barrel with rifling and there cartridge).
A caliber conversion device is a device which can be used to non-permanently alter a firearm to allow it to fire a different cartridge than the one it was originally designed to fire. The different cartridge must be smaller in some dimensions than the original design cartridge, and since smaller cartridges are usually cheaper, the device allows ...
Infantry gun/AA gun 37 mm 1.457 inch Ordnance QF 2-pounder: Anti-tank gun 40 mm 1.575 inch Ordnance QF 2-pounder "pom pom" Anti-aircraft gun 40 mm 1.575 Ordnance QF 3-pounder Vickers: Naval gun 47 mm 1.85 inch Ordnance QF 6-pounder: Anti-tank gun 57 mm 2.244 inch Ordnance BL 10-pounder Mountain gun: Mountain gun 69.8 mm 2.75 inch
The term caliber change in firearms refers to the process of permanently altering a firearm to allow it to fire a different cartridge than the one it previously fired. With a bolt action rifle, this is mostly done by reshaping the current chamber through machining it with a new reamer, or by replacing the barrel with a new barrel, which has a new cartridge chamber machined into it.
In World War I 45-caliber naval gun barrels were typical, in World War II 50- to 55-caliber barrels were common, with Germany already manufacturing tank guns of 70 calibers by 1943. Today, 60- to 70-caliber barrels are not uncommon, but the latest technology has allowed shorter barrels of 55 calibers to attain muzzle velocities of 1,750 m/s ...
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Also remember that the gun's mass absorbs recoil, so it is also possible that a lightweight 20 gauge can recoil more than a heavy 12 gauge. And then there's also the size and shape of the gun, which also influences how much recoil is felt by the shooter. So, in short: it depends.