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Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is a disease prevalent in dogs that exhibit symptoms of dementia or Alzheimer's disease shown in humans. [1] CCD creates pathological changes in the brain that slow the mental functioning of dogs resulting in loss of memory, motor function, and learned behaviors from training early in life.
Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) are abnormal differences seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients with Alzheimer's disease.ARIA is associated with anti-amyloid drugs, particularly human monoclonal antibodies such as aducanumab. [1]
Diagnosis. One example [9] of a combination of biomarkers that can accurately diagnose AD is: Changes in brain atrophy patterns over time (measured by MRI) Levels of β-amyloid and tau (measured in CSF) A second approach to diagnosis is to extract the most pertinent information from MRI scans alone. [9]
These criteria require that the presence of cognitive impairment and a suspected dementia syndrome be confirmed by neuropsychological testing for a clinical diagnosis of possible or probable AD; while they need histopathologic confirmation (microscopic examination of brain tissue) for the definitive diagnosis. They specify as well eight ...
Because of this, the specific names of these types of this dementia, including Binswanger's disease were lost. [4] This was until 1992 when Alzheimer's diagnostic centers created specific criteria known as the Hachinski Ischemic Scale (after Dr. Vladimir Hachinski) which became the standard for diagnosing MID or vascular dementia. [21]
Susac's syndrome is a very rare disease, of unknown cause, and many persons who experience it do not display the bizarre symptoms named here. Their speech can be affected, such as the case of a female of late teens who suffered speech issues and hearing problems, and many experience unrelenting and intense headaches and migraines, some form of ...
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The cause of PCA is unknown, and there are no fully accepted diagnostic criteria for the disease. [2] [10] This is partially due to the gradual onset of PCA symptoms, their variety, the rare nature of the disease, and the younger age of onset typically 50–60 years. [20] In 2012, the first international conference on PCA was held in Vancouver ...