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  2. Stein's example - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein's_example

    Stein's example is surprising, since the "ordinary" decision rule is intuitive and commonly used. In fact, numerous methods for estimator construction, including maximum likelihood estimation, best linear unbiased estimation, least squares estimation and optimal equivariant estimation, all result in the "ordinary" estimator. Yet, as discussed ...

  3. Decision rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_rule

    In decision theory, a decision rule is a function which maps an observation to an appropriate action. Decision rules play an important role in the theory of statistics and economics , and are closely related to the concept of a strategy in game theory .

  4. Affect heuristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affect_heuristic

    Affect, specifically negative affect, is an important method for increasing perceived risk considering its influences on perceived risk and thus has been utilized as essential for communicating risk to the public. Raising risk awareness is thought to be increased when risk information is presented in the form of frequences (e.g.

  5. Priority heuristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_heuristic

    Priority rule: Go through reasons in the order of minimum gain, the chance of minimum gain, and maximum gain. Stopping rule: Stop examination if the minimum gains differ by 1/10 (or more) of the maximum gain; otherwise, stop examination if chances differ by 10% (or more). Decision rule: Choose the gamble with the more attractive gain (chance ...

  6. Affect as information hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affect_as_information...

    Integral affect provides meaningful, relevant information about a target stimulus on which a judgement or decision can be made. Incidental affect may lead to affective feelings being subsequently mis-attributed to the stimulus at hand and thus provide mistaken information about the stimulus, from which a mislead judgement or decision is formed. [5]

  7. Admissible decision rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Admissible_decision_rule

    A decision rule that minimizes (,) is called a Bayes rule with respect to (). There may be more than one such Bayes rule. There may be more than one such Bayes rule. If the Bayes risk is infinite for all δ {\displaystyle \delta \,\!} , then no Bayes rule is defined.

  8. Biden's Transformation From a Dove to a Hawk - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/bidens-transformation-dove-hawk...

    Biden's most courageous foreign policy decision was also the one he received the most political punishment for. By the early 2020s, the war in Afghanistan had become unwinnable without a major ...

  9. Heuristic (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic_(psychology)

    Emotion is the effect that plays the lead role that makes the decision or solves the problem quickly or efficiently. It is used while judging the risks and benefits of something, depending on the positive or negative feelings that people associate with a stimulus.