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Despite this, the total fertility rate is still below replacement depending on when the measurement is taken. The Irish fertility rate is still the highest of any European country. [6] This increase is significantly fuelled by non-Irish immigration – in 2009, one-quarter of all babies born in Ireland were born to foreign-born mothers. [7]
The Irish diaspora (Irish: Diaspóra na nGael) refers to ethnic Irish people and their descendants who live outside the island of Ireland. The phenomenon of migration from Ireland is recorded since the Early Middle Ages, [1] but it can be quantified only from around 1700. Since then, between 9 and 10 million people born in Ireland have emigrated.
The introduction of Christianity to the Irish people during the 5th century brought a radical change to the Irish people's foreign relations. [48] The only military raid abroad recorded after that century is a presumed invasion of Wales, which according to a Welsh manuscript may have taken place around the 7th century. [48]
The Irish are often stereotyped as being devoutly religious and conservative. Christianity has been the largest religion in Ireland since the 5th century. As of 2011 [update] , 78% of Ireland's population adhered to the Catholic Church , [ 12 ] and both Irish people and people with red hair are stereotyped as being Catholic. [ 7 ]
In the 1860s more than half of those arrested in New York City were Irish born or of Irish descent but nearly half of the city's law enforcement officers were also Irish. By the turn of the 20th century, five out of six NYPD officers were Irish born or of Irish descent. As late as the 1960s, 42% of the NYPD were Irish Americans. [262]
Irish Travellers (Irish: an lucht siúil, meaning the walking people), also known as Pavees or Mincéirs [4] (Shelta: Mincéirí), [5] are a traditionally peripatetic indigenous [6] ethno-cultural group originating in Ireland. [7] [8] [9] They are predominantly English-speaking, though many also speak Shelta, a language of mixed English and ...
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The two comparatively "major" Gaelic nations in the modern era are Ireland (which had 71,968 "daily" Irish speakers and 1,873,997 people claiming "some ability of Irish", as of the 2022 census) [56] and Scotland (58,552 fluent "Gaelic speakers" and 92,400 with "some Gaelic language ability" in the 2001 census). [57]