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  2. Directed acyclic graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_acyclic_graph

    The yellow directed acyclic graph is the condensation of the blue directed graph. It is formed by contracting each strongly connected component of the blue graph into a single yellow vertex. Any directed graph may be made into a DAG by removing a feedback vertex set or a feedback arc set , a set of vertices or edges (respectively) that touches ...

  3. Binary decision diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_decision_diagram

    There are functions for which the graph size is always exponential—independent of variable ordering. This holds e.g. for the multiplication function. [ 1 ] In fact, the function computing the middle bit of the product of two n {\displaystyle n} -bit numbers does not have an OBDD smaller than 2 ⌊ n / 2 ⌋ / 61 − 4 {\displaystyle 2 ...

  4. Deterministic acyclic finite state automaton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterministic_acyclic...

    A DAFSA is a special case of a finite state recognizer that takes the form of a directed acyclic graph with a single source vertex (a vertex with no incoming edges), in which each edge of the graph is labeled by a letter or symbol, and in which each vertex has at most one outgoing edge for each possible letter or symbol. The strings represented ...

  5. Bayesian network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_network

    A Bayesian network (also known as a Bayes network, Bayes net, belief network, or decision network) is a probabilistic graphical model that represents a set of variables and their conditional dependencies via a directed acyclic graph (DAG). [1] While it is one of several forms of causal notation, causal networks are special cases of Bayesian ...

  6. Cycle (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_(graph_theory)

    A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph. A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph. A connected graph without cycles is called a tree.

  7. Lowest common ancestor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowest_common_ancestor

    In this tree, the lowest common ancestor of the nodes x and y is marked in dark green. Other common ancestors are shown in light green. In graph theory and computer science, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) (also called least common ancestor) of two nodes v and w in a tree or directed acyclic graph (DAG) T is the lowest (i.e. deepest) node that has both v and w as descendants, where we define ...

  8. Strongly connected component - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strongly_connected_component

    The yellow directed acyclic graph is the condensation of the blue directed graph. It is formed by contracting each strongly connected component of the blue graph into a single yellow vertex. If each strongly connected component is contracted to a single vertex, the resulting graph is a directed acyclic graph, the condensation of G.

  9. Algebraic decision diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_decision_diagram

    An ADD represents a Boolean function from {,} to a finite set of constants S, or carrier of the algebraic structure.An ADD is a rooted, directed, acyclic graph, which has several nodes, like a BDD.