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Satellite laser ranging is a proven geodetic technique with significant potential for important contributions to scientific studies of the earth/atmosphere/ocean system. It is the most accurate technique currently available to determine the geocentric position of an Earth satellite, allowing for the precise calibration of radar altimeters and ...
The laser array is rotated 2 degrees from the satellite's ground track so that a beam pair track is separated by about 90 m (300 ft). The laser pulse rate combined with satellite speed results in ATLAS taking an elevation measurement every 70 cm (28 in) along the satellite's ground path. [17] [19] [20] The laser fires at a rate of 10 kHz.
François Barlier; Michel Lefebvre (2001), A new look at planet Earth: Satellite geodesy and geosciences (PDF), Kluwer Academic Publishers Smith, David E. and Turcotte, Donald L. (eds.) (1993). Contributions of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Crustal Dynamics Vol. 23, Earth Dynamics Vol. 24, Technology Vol. 25, American Geophysical Union ...
The laser scanner is the main component of LiDAR. Lasers with a wavelength of 550-600 nm are used on a ground-based system (handheld laser scanning and terrestrial laser scanning), whereas airborne systems use lasers with 1000-1600 nm wavelength. [19] Laser calculates the reachable range by the following formula: [19]
The transponder gets its altitude information from an encoding altimeter mounted behind the instrument panel that communicates via the Gillham code. Gillham code is a zero-padded 12-bit binary code using a parallel nine- [ 1 ] to eleven-wire interface , [ 2 ] the Gillham interface , that is used to transmit uncorrected barometric altitude ...
This has allowed areas where it is too shallow for most vessels to safely access to be bathymetrically mapped. The potential depth that ICESat-2’s Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLASA) can reach is 38 m in optimum conditions. [16] A magnetometer is an instrument that measures magnetic field or magnetic dipole moment. They are ...
Terrain contour matching, or TERCOM, is a navigation system used primarily by cruise missiles. It uses a contour map of the terrain that is compared with measurements made during flight by an on-board radar altimeter. A TERCOM system considerably increases the accuracy of a missile compared with inertial navigation systems (INS). The increased ...
It operated as an altimeter until a portion of the laser reached end-of-life in June 2001. The instrument then functioned as a radiometer until October 2006. [12] High resolution topographic map of Mars based on the Mars Global Surveyor laser altimeter research led by Maria Zuber and David Smith. North is at the top.