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Young sporophytes of the common moss Tortula muralis. In mosses, the gametophyte is the dominant generation, while the sporophytes consist of sporangium-bearing stalks growing from the tips of the gametophytes Sporophytes of moss during spring In flowering plants, the sporophyte comprises the whole multicellular body except the pollen and ...
The last stage of the moss lifecycle is shown, where the sporophytes are visible before dispersion of their spores: the calyptra (1) is still attached to the capsule (3). The tops of the gametophytes (2) can be discerned as well. Inset shows the surrounding, black poplars growing on sandy loam on the bank of a kolk, with the detail area marked.
Conocephalum conicum, sporophytes (black) hanging beneath the umbrella-shaped, stalked archegoniophores. Liverworts reproduce through both sexual and asexual reproduction. [5] In natural populations, the high genetic variation observed suggests that sexual reproduction might dominate.
Mosses do not have seeds and after fertilisation develop sporophytes with unbranched stalks topped with single capsules containing spores. They are typically 0.2–10 cm (0.1–3.9 in) tall, though some species are much larger. Dawsonia, the tallest moss in the world, can grow to 50 cm (20 in) in height. There are approximately 12,000 species. [2]
No living land plant has equally dominant sporophytes and gametophytes, although some theories of the evolution of alternation of generations suggest that ancestral land plants did. Unequal (heteromorphy or anisomorphy). Gametophyte of Mnium hornum, a moss . Dominant gametophyte (gametophytic).
Some liverworts, such as Marchantia, have a cuticle, and the sporophytes of mosses have both cuticles and stomata, which were important in the evolution of land plants. [ 3 ] All land plants have a life cycle with an alternation of generations between a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte , but in all non-vascular land plants, the ...
Like all bryophytes, the dominant life phase of a hornwort is the haploid gametophyte.This stage usually grows as a thin rosette or ribbon-like thallus between one and five centimeters in diameter.
Sporophytes produce haploid spores by meiosis, that grow into gametophytes. Bryophytes are gametophyte dominant, [11] meaning that the more prominent, longer-lived plant is the haploid gametophyte. The diploid sporophytes appear only occasionally and remain attached to and nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte. [12]