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  2. Preamble to the Constitution of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamble_to_the...

    The Preamble to the Constitution of India is based on the Objectives Resolution, which was moved in the Constituent Assembly by Jawaharlal Nehru on 13 December 1946 accepted on 22 January 1947 and adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949, coming into force on 26 January 1950, celebrated as the Republic Day of India, and was initially drafted by Jawaharlal Nehru. [1]

  3. Constitution of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_India

    The amended constitution has a preamble and 470 articles, [b] which are grouped into 25 parts. [c] [34] With 12 schedules [d] and five appendices, [34] [50] it has been amended 105 times; the latest amendment became effective on 15 August 2021. The constitution's articles are grouped into the following parts:

  4. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_Rights...

    The Preamble of the Constitution of India – India declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...

  5. Basic structure doctrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_structure_doctrine

    Justice Jaganmohan Reddy preferred to look at the preamble, stating that the basic features of the constitution were laid out by that part of the document, and thus could be represented by: A sovereign democratic republic. The provision of social, economic and political justice. Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship.

  6. Secularism in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secularism_in_India

    [1] [2] With the Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India enacted in 1976, [3] the Preamble to the Constitution asserted that India is a secular nation. [4] [5] However, the Supreme Court of India in the 1994 case S. R. Bommai v. Union of India established the fact that India was secular since the formation of the republic. [6]

  7. Preamble - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamble

    A preamble is an introductory and expressionary statement in a document that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy. When applied to the opening paragraphs of a statute, it may recite historical facts pertinent to the subject of the statute.

  8. Freedom of religion in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_India

    Modern India came into existence in 1947 and the Indian constitution's preamble was amended in 1976, to explicitly declare India a secular state. [2] Supreme Court of India ruled that India was already a secular state from the time it adopted its constitution, what actually was done through this amendment is to state explicitly what was earlier ...

  9. Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighth_Schedule_to_the...

    The commission was to suggest steps to be taken to progressively promote the use of Hindi as the official language of the country. [1] The Official Languages Act, 1963 which came into effect on 26 January 1965, made provision for the continuation of English as an official language alongside Hindi. [2]