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In the wake of the establishment of the normal number of human chromosomes, 47,XYY was the last of the common sex chromosome aneuploidies to be discovered, two years after the discoveries of 47,XXY, [27] 45,X [28] and 47,XXX [29] in 1959. Even the much less common 48,XXYY [30] had been discovered in 1960, a year before 47,XYY.
The presentation of XYYY syndrome is variable and at this time not entirely clear. As all known cases were diagnosed postnatally (after birth), and the similar XYY syndrome is known to have a milder phenotype in prenatally than postnatally diagnosed cases, it is suspected that many cases of XYYY syndrome may be mild or asymptomatic.
Past thoughts on genetic factors influencing aggression, specifically in regard to sex chromosomes, tended to seek answers from chromosomal abnormalities. [4] Four decades ago, the XYY genotype was (erroneously) believed by many to be correlated with aggression.
However, the experimental design had many flaws, including small sample sizes, biased sampling, and poor definition of the phenotype "aggression", resulted in the mischaracterization of XYY individuals as aggressive and violent criminals, which led the path for many biased studies on height-selected, institutionalised XYY individuals in the ...
Nine of the patients, ranging from 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) to 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) height, were found to have an extra Y chromosome, the XYY syndrome. [20] [21] [22] Jacobs hypothesized that men with XYY syndrome are more prone to aggressive and violent behavior than males with the normal XY karyotype, but the idea was later shown to be incorrect.
Sex chromosome anomalies belong to a group of genetic conditions that are caused or affected by the loss, damage or addition of one or both sex chromosomes (also called gonosomes). In humans this may refer to: 45, X, also known as Turner syndrome; 45,X/46,XY mosaicism, also known as X0/XY mosaicism and mixed gonadal dysgenesis; 46, XX/XY
By the time of Linden, Bender, and Robinson's seminal review of sex chromosome tetrasomy and pentasomy in 1995, five cases of XXXYY syndrome had been reported. [3] As of 2023, three cases of XXXYY syndrome have been diagnosed in the 21st century. [2] Early research on sex chromosome aneuploidies suffered from ascertainment bias. Patients were ...
XYYYY syndrome, also known as 49,XYYYY, is an exceptionally rare chromosomal disorder in which a male human has three additional copies of the Y chromosome. Only seven non- mosaic cases of the disorder have ever been recorded in the medical literature, as well as five mosaic cases, of which two had more 48,XYYY than 49,XYYYY cells. [ 1 ]