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Scurvy is a deficiency disease (state of malnutrition) resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). [1] Early symptoms of deficiency include weakness, fatigue, and sore arms and legs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Without treatment, decreased red blood cells , gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur.
Ascorbic acid efflux by embryos of dicot plants is a well-established mechanism of iron reduction and a step obligatory for iron uptake. [a] All plants synthesize ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid functions as a cofactor for enzymes involved in photosynthesis, synthesis of plant hormones, as an antioxidant and regenerator of other antioxidants. [95]
Ascorbic acid is easily oxidized and so is used as a reductant in photographic developer solutions (among others) and as a preservative. [citation needed] In fluorescence microscopy and related fluorescence-based techniques, ascorbic acid can be used as an antioxidant to increase fluorescent signal and chemically retard dye photobleaching. [19]
Proline hydroxylation requires ascorbic acid . The most obvious, first effects (gingival and hair problems) of absence of ascorbic acid in humans come from the resulting defect in hydroxylation of proline residues of collagen, with reduced stability of the collagen molecule, causing scurvy.
Karrer and Norman Haworth confirmed Albert Szent-Györgyi's discovery of ascorbic acid and made significant contributions to the chemistry of flavins, which led to the identification of lactoflavin. For their investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B 2, Karrer and Haworth jointly received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1937. [13]
Vitamin C megadosage is a term describing the consumption or injection of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in doses well beyond the current United States Recommended Dietary Allowance of 90 milligrams per day, and often well beyond the tolerable upper intake level of 2,000 milligrams per day. [1]
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Ascorbic acid. Treatment should take into account the cause and severity of the condition. [5] If the iron-deficiency anemia is a result of blood loss or another underlying cause, treatment is geared toward addressing the underlying cause. [5] Most cases of iron deficiency anemia are treated with oral iron supplements. [65]