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A 9W germicidal lamp in a modern compact fluorescent lamp form factor Glow of a germicidal lamp excited by a high voltage probe. Close-up of the electrodes and the safety warning. A germicidal lamp (also known as disinfection lamp or sterilizer lamp) is an electric light that produces ultraviolet C (UVC) light.
Lamp age or fouling or outages (reduction in UV intensity) Bulbs require periodic cleaning and replacement to ensure effectiveness. The lifetime of germicidal UV bulbs varies depending on design. Also, the material that the bulb is made of can absorb some of the germicidal rays. Lamp cooling under airflow can also lower UV output.
Germicidal lamps are simple low-pressure mercury vapor discharges in a fused quartz envelope. Gas-discharge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an electric discharge through an ionized gas, a plasma. Typically, such lamps use a noble gas (argon, neon, krypton, and xenon) or a mixture of these gases.
The lamp's electrodes are typically made of coiled tungsten and are coated with a mixture of barium, strontium and calcium oxides to improve thermionic emission. A germicidal lamp uses a low-pressure mercury-vapor glow discharge identical to that in a fluorescent lamp, but the uncoated fused quartz envelope allows ultraviolet radiation to transmit.
Unlike conventional germicidal UV-C lamps, which are limited to upper-room (above people's heads [8]) pathogen inactivation or use in unoccupied spaces due to their negative effects on human skin and eyes, far-UVC is considered promising for whole-room pathogen inactivation due to its enhanced safety. This allows for the installation of far-UVC ...
Plenty of NFL coaches have tried to make it work in the NCAA. Few have succeeded. As Belichick knows, you can’t win without great players, and a veteran coach with no high school recruiting ...
1. Tennis Ball. Tennis balls are so useful that you may want to buy some to keep around the house even if you don’t play. For example, half a tennis ball can help screw open tight caps.
The cathode is the negative electrode. Any gas-discharge lamp has a positive (anode) and a negative electrode. Both electrodes alternate between acting as an anode and a cathode when these devices run with alternating current. A standard computer case fitted with blue and green cold-cathode tubes Cold-cathode fluorescent lamp backlight