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Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. [14] The syndrome is named after cysts which form on the ovaries of some women with this condition, though this is not a universal symptom, and not the underlying cause of the disorder.
Ultrasound of a polycystic ovary. Each of the dark circles represents a fluid-filled cyst. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by an excess of androgens produced by the ovaries. It is estimated that approximately 90% of women with PCOS demonstrate hypersecretion of these hormones. [18]
Treatment should be based on diagnosis of anovulation. Treatment varies based on the 4 most common causes of anovulation: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HA), primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), and hyperprolactinemia. [10]
Insulin resistance often isn’t detectable without expensive lab equipment. ... at birth who have type 2 diabetes also have polycystic ovary syndrome ... provider for a potential diagnosis.
There are a number of indications for obtaining an endometrial biopsy from a non-pregnant woman: [citation needed]. Women with chronic anovulation such as the polycystic ovary syndrome are at increased risk for endometrial problems and an endometrial biopsy may be useful to assess their lining specifically to rule out endometrial hyperplasia or cancer.
Role in identifying polycystic ovary syndrome [ edit ] The best single biochemical marker for polycystic ovary syndrome is a raised testosterone level, but "combination of SHBG and testosterone to derive a free testosterone value did not further aid the biochemical diagnosis of PCOS". [ 5 ]
Though surgery is not commonly performed, the polycystic ovaries can be treated with a laparoscopic procedure called "ovarian drilling" (puncture of 4-10 small follicles with electrocautery), which often results in either resumption of spontaneous ovulations or ovulations after adjuvant treatment with clomiphene or FSH. [14]
Injection of hCG as a trigger for ovulation confers a risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, especially in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who have been hyperstimulated during previous assisted reproduction cycles. [12] Complications of TVOR include injury to pelvic organs, hemorrhage, and infection.
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