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Sources on Pontius Pilate are limited, although modern scholars know more about him than about other Roman governors of Judaea. [14] The most important sources are the Embassy to Gaius (after the year 41) by contemporary Jewish writer Philo of Alexandria, [15] the Jewish Wars (c. 74) and Antiquities of the Jews (c. 94) by the Jewish historian Josephus, as well as the four canonical Christian ...
A fanatic assembled them at Mount Gerizim, promising to reveal the sacred vessels which they had been taught were buried there by Moses, and the rebels were ruthlessly massacred by order of Pontius Pilate. [1] Massacre during the First Jewish-Roman War: 67 CE Mount Gerizim: Roman troops: 11,600 Samaritans and Jews [2]
Representation of Barabbas by James Tissot (1836–1902). Barabbas (/ b ə ˈ r æ b ə s /; Biblical Greek: Bαραββᾶς, romanized: Barabbās) [1] was, according to the New Testament, a prisoner who rebelled against the Roman occupying forces and who was chosen over Jesus by the crowd in Jerusalem to be pardoned and released by Roman governor Pontius Pilate at the Passover feast.
Pontius Pilate was the prefect (governor) of the Roman province of Judea approximately from 26 to 36 AD. He presided over the execution of Jesus, likely due to accusations that Jesus had called himself "King of the Jews", leading Pilate to believe he was possibly fomenting a rebellion against the Herodian dynasty to bring about a "Kingdom of God".
A notable exception is the coinage of Pontius Pilate, which included Roman cultic items on one side, though the reverse maintained Jewish imagery. [3] [4] Primarily circulated in Judaea, these coins have been found beyond their intended area, including in Transjordan and Syria.
A final argument from silence relates to Josephus' own writings and questions the authenticity of Testimonium based on the fact that it has no parallel in the Jewish War, which includes a discussion of Pontius Pilate at about the same level of detail. [81] [16]
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In response, Vitellius, the legate of Syria, appointed Marcellus to govern Judaea and recalled Pilate to Rome for investigation by Emperor Tiberius, who died before Pilate's arrival. [32] (pp 75–76) In the summer of 67 CE, during the First Jewish–Roman War, a large group of Samaritans gathered on Mount Gerizim.