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Those living the monastic life are known by the generic terms monks (men) and nuns (women). The word monk originated from the Greek μοναχός (monachos, 'monk'), itself from μόνος (monos) meaning 'alone'. [1] [2] Christian monks did not live in monasteries at first; rather, they began by living alone as solitaries, as the word monos ...
Portrait depicting a Carthusian monk in the Roman Catholic Church (1446) Buddhist monks collecting alms. A monk (/ m ʌ ŋ k /; from Greek: μοναχός, monachos, "single, solitary" via Latin monachus) [1] [2] is a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery. [3] A monk usually lives his life in prayer and contemplation ...
The male religious are also sometimes called the Black Monks, especially in English speaking countries, after the colour of their habits, although some, like the Olivetans, wear white. [2] They were founded by Benedict of Nursia , a 6th-century Italian monk who laid the foundations of Benedictine monasticism through the formulation of his Rule.
In their quest to attain the spiritual goal of life, some Hindus choose the path of monasticism . Monastics commit themselves to a life of simplicity, celibacy, detachment from worldly pursuits, and the contemplation of God. [9] A Hindu monk is called a sanyāsī, sādhu, or swāmi. [10] A nun is called a sanyāsini, sādhvi, or swāmini.
The conversus, the lay brother properly so called, made solemn vows like the choir monks, and wore the scapular; the commissus made simple vows, and was dressed like a monk, but without the scapular; the oblatus made a vow of obedience to the abbot, gave himself and his goods to the monastery, and wore a sober secular dress. [3]
Anglican Religious Life defines four categories of community. [7] Traditional celibate religious orders and communities Orders and communities in which members take a vow of celibacy (amongst other vows) and follow a common Rule of life. They may be enclosed and contemplative or open and engaged in apostolic works. Dispersed communities
Religious are members of religious institutes, societies in which the members take public vows and live a fraternal life in common. [5] Thus monks such as Benedictines and Carthusians, nuns such as Carmelites and Poor Clares, and friars such as Dominicans and Franciscans are called religious.
The keynote of Cistercian life was a return to literal observance of the Benedictine Rule. The reform-minded monks tried to live monastic life as they thought it had been in Benedict's time; at various points they went beyond it in austerity. They returned to manual labour, especially agricultural work in the fields.