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Natural rate of unemployment (also known as full employment) – This is the summation of frictional and structural unemployment, that excludes cyclical contributions of unemployment (e.g. recessions) and seasonal unemployment. It is the lowest rate of unemployment that a stable economy can expect to achieve, given that some frictional and ...
In the introduction to The Wealth of Nations, Smith spoke of the "annual labour" and "the necessaries and conveniences" a nation "annually consumes" before explaining that one of the two steps to increase wealth is reducing the amount of "unproductive labour". "Annual" and "annually" refer to a cyclical reproduction process; "unproductive labor ...
As a result, labor force growth also has slowed. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects that the next 10 years will bring about an aging labor force that is growing slowly, a declining overall labor force participation rate, and more diversity in the racial and ethnic composition of the labor force.
Okun's law is an empirical relationship. In Okun's original statement of his law, a 2% increase in output corresponds to a 1% decline in the rate of cyclical unemployment; a 0.5% increase in labor force participation; a 0.5% increase in hours worked per employee; and a 1% increase in output per hours worked (labor productivity).
Among other applications, it has been used as a framework for studying frictional unemployment. One of the founders of search and matching theory is Dale T. Mortensen of Northwestern University. A textbook treatment of the matching approach to labor markets is Christopher A. Pissarides' book Equilibrium Unemployment Theory. [1]
Workers in most states have 26 weeks of paid unemployment benefits, but according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 21% of workers are now taking more than 27 weeks to find a new job, up 3% from ...
Chapter 20 covers some mathematical ground needed for Chapter 21. Chapter 21 considers the question of how a change in income resulting from an increase in money supply will be apportioned between wages, prices, employment and profits. (The results also depend on the exogenous behaviour of the workforce and on the shapes of various functions.)
Productivity is a magic bullet of sorts in economics, not quite a free lunch given the investment and innovation needed to increase, but something that lets workers produce more with less time or ...