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Hyperventilation syndrome (HVS), also known as chronic hyperventilation syndrome (CHVS), dysfunctional breathing hyperventilation syndrome, cryptotetany, [1] [2] spasmophilia, [3] [4] [5] latent tetany, [4] [5] and central neuronal hyper excitability syndrome (NHS), [3] is a respiratory disorder, psychologically or physiologically based, involving breathing too deeply or too rapidly ...
Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep and rapid breaths at a rate of at least 25 breaths per minute. Increasing irregularity of this respiratory rate generally is a sign that the patient will enter into coma. CNH is unrelated to other forms of hyperventilation, like Kussmaul's ...
Hyperventilation is irregular breathing that occurs when the rate or tidal volume of breathing eliminates more carbon dioxide than the body can produce. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This leads to hypocapnia , a reduced concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood.
Hyperventilation due to the compensation for metabolic acidosis persists for 24 to 48 hours after correction of the acidosis, and can lead to respiratory alkalosis. [3] This compensation process can occur within minutes. [4] In metabolic alkalosis, chemoreceptors sense a deranged acid-base balance with a plasma pH of greater than normal (>7.4 ...
The main physiologic causes of hypocapnia are related to hyperventilation. Hypocapnia is sometimes induced in the treatment of medical emergencies such as intracranial hypertension [3] and hyperkalemia. Self-induced hypocapnia through hyperventilation is the basis for the dangerous schoolyard fainting game.
The state Board of Medicine’s final order approved a $5,000 fine.
Ventilation is normally unconscious and automatic, but can be overridden by conscious alternative patterns. [3] Thus the emotions can cause yawning, laughing, sighing (etc.), social communication causes speech, song and whistling, while entirely voluntary overrides are used to blow out candles, and breath holding (for instance, to swim underwater).
Symptoms of early hypercapnia (i.e. where PaCO 2 is elevated but not extremely so) include flushed skin, full pulse, extrasystoles, muscle twitches, hand flaps, and possibly a raised blood pressure. In severe hypercapnia (generally PaCO 2 greater than 10 kPa or 75 mmHg ), symptomatology progresses to disorientation, panic , hyperventilation ...