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In aviation, a preflight checklist is a list of tasks that should be performed by pilots and aircrew prior to takeoff. Its purpose is to improve flight safety by ensuring that no important tasks are forgotten. Failure to correctly conduct a preflight check using a checklist is a major contributing factor to aircraft accidents. [1]
Airlines and other commercial operators of large, or turbine-powered, aircraft follow a continuous inspection program approved by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the United States, [1] or by other airworthiness authorities such as the Transport Canada Civil Aviation Directorate (TCCA), or the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).
Many of the steps in the pre-landing checklist are double-checks to eliminate the possibility of unexpected failure of the aircraft. Other steps convert the aircraft from a configuration that is optimised for economical flight to one that is safe for landing.
On some Bombardier aircraft, it is possible to call up the wrong checklist. Messages forbidding take-off can be shown as advisories. [3] The 757, 767, and 747-400 have no electronic checklists. The ERJ and the E-Jets have no electronic checklists. The CRJ have no electronic checklists. The Do-328 and the Do-328JET have no electronic checklists.
The aircraft manufacturer-designated checklists are always included in a QRH, and often the airline company or operator will include its own procedures. Therefore, there is no single universal QRH and they may differ widely in contents, but in practice, individual versions of it are referred to as the Quick Reference Handbook. [ 3 ]
CIGAR or CIGARS is a mnemonic that refers to a pre-takeoff checklist performed by general aviation pilots. The mnemonic stands for: [1] Controls; Instruments; Gas; Airplane secure; Run-up. Alternately: [2] Controls; Instruments; Gas; Attitude; Run-up; Yet another version was used by the U.S. Air Force: [3] CIGarettes For The Poor Russian ...
GUMPS is an acronym widely used by retractable gear aircraft pilots as a mental checklist to ensure nothing critical has been forgotten before landing. Its popularity is widespread, appearing in flight student curricula, FAA publications and aviation magazines. [1] [2] [3]
In aviation, an outside check or walk around is the air crew inspecting certain elements of an aircraft prior to boarding for security, safety, and operational reasons. The pilot primarily inspects outside parts of the aircraft they will steer, e.g. control surfaces , tires and possible leaks from fuel or oil .