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Twenty isotopes of californium are known (mass number ranging from 237 to 256 [11]); the most stable are 251 Cf with half-life 898 years, 249 Cf with half-life 351 years, 250 Cf at 13.08 years, and 252 Cf at 2.645 years. [11] All other isotopes have half-life shorter than a year, and most of these have half-lives less than 20 minutes. [11]
Californium-252 production diagram. Californium-252 (Cf-252, 252 Cf) undergoes spontaneous fission with a branching ratio of 3.09% and is used in small neutron sources. Fission neutrons have an energy range of 0 to 13 MeV with a mean value of 2.3 MeV and a most probable value of 1 MeV. [11]
252 Cf(α,3n) 254 Fm: 1954: Neutron capture 255 Fm: 1954: Neutron capture 256 Fm: 1955: ... Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
Half-life (y) Critical mass (kg) Diameter ... californium-251: 900: 5.46: 8.5 [5] californium-252: 2.6: 2.73: 6.9 [13] einsteinium-254: 0.755: 9.89: 7.1 [12]
252 Cf neutron sources are typically 1/4" to 1/2" in diameter and 1" to 2" in length. A typical 252 Cf neutron source emits 10 7 to 10 9 neutrons per second when new; but with a half-life of 2.6 years, neutron output drops by half in 2.6 years.
Spontaneous fission half-life of various nuclides depending on their Z 2 /A ratio. Nuclides of the same element are linked with a red line. ... 252 Cf: 2.6468 [15] 3. ...
252 Cf: β −: 252 Fm: 253 Es ... The longest-lived isotope is 252 Es with a half-life of 471.7 days, or around 1.293 years. List of isotopes. Nuclide [n 1] Z N
252 Cf 154 153 251 Cf 252 Es ... and an odd number of neutrons (odd Z, odd N) are usually short-lived (a notable exception is neptunium-236 with a half-life of ...