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Both twins born vaginally – this can occur both presented head first or where one comes head first and the other is breech and/or helped by a forceps/ventouse delivery; One twin born vaginally and the other by caesarean section. If the twins are joined at any part of the body – called conjoined twins, delivery is mostly by caesarean section.
A spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) occurs when a pregnant woman goes into labor without the use of drugs or techniques to induce labor and delivers their baby without forceps, vacuum extraction, or a cesarean section. [1] An induced vaginal delivery is a delivery involving labor induction, where drugs or manual techniques are used to initiate ...
Pregnancy usually occurs by sexual intercourse, but can also occur through assisted reproductive technology procedures. [6] A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a miscarriage, an induced abortion, or a stillbirth. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 weeks from the start of the last menstrual period (LMP), a span known as the gestational age.
Certain pregnancy tests can detect the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) as early as six days after fertilization occurs, but false negatives may occur (meaning the test shows ...
To diagnose the rare primary abdominal pregnancy, Studdiford's criteria need to be fulfilled: tubes and ovaries should be normal, there is no abnormal connection between the uterus and the abdominal cavity, and the pregnancy is related solely to the peritoneal surface without signs that there was a tubal pregnancy first.
Pre-labor consists of the early signs before labor starts. It is the body's preparation for real labor. Prodromal labor has been misnamed as “false labor." Prodromal labor begins much as traditional labor but does not progress to the birth of the baby. Not everyone feels this stage of labor, though it does always occur.
Complications that occur primarily during childbirth are termed obstetric labor complications, and problems that occur primarily after childbirth are termed puerperal disorders. While some complications improve or are fully resolved after pregnancy, some may lead to lasting effects, morbidity, or in the most severe cases, maternal or fetal ...
Complications can occur before, during, and after birth that affect both parent and baby. Asynclitism can lead to slower and more difficult labor, increasing stress and fatigue. If the fetus' head is not optimally positioned, this can result in dystocia, necessitating an operative delivery.