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Within firearms, chamber pressure is the pressure exerted by a cartridge case's outside walls on the inside of a firearm's chamber when the cartridge is fired. The SI unit for chamber pressure is the megapascal (MPa), while the American SAAMI uses the pound per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in 2) and the European CIP uses bar (1 bar is equal to 0.1 MPa).
Other benefits of the SAAMI conformal transducer are: very adaptive to the high volume quality control testing demands of commercial and law enforcement ammunition production; protection of the transducer from direct exposure to the high temperature combustion gases and hence a comparatively long service life; 80,000 psi (551.6 MPa) maximum ...
In C.I.P. regulated countries, every rifle cartridge combination has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to be certified for sale to consumers, referred to as "PE". This means that 5.7×28mm chambered arms in C.I.P. regulated countries are currently (2018) proof tested at 4,313 bar (431 MPa; 62,555 psi) PE piezo pressure. [ 7 ]
Conversions for rifles and carbines of larger caliber, such as the AK-47 or Thompson submachine gun include a rifled insert barrel extending beyond the length of the chamber. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] One exception to the use of a special lightweight bolt was the Colt Service Ace , offered as a complete pistol or as a conversion kit for the M1911.
A barrel chamber with pressure relief ports that allows gas to leak around the cartridge during extraction. Basically, the opposite of a fluted chamber, as it is intended for the cartridge to stick to the chamber wall making a slight delay of extraction. This requires a welded-on sleeve with an annular groove to contain the pressure. [8]
While CUP and LUP numbers were intended to be comparable to the crushing power of a given pressure in psi (lbf/in 2), the numbers are not equivalent.Since a longer duration, lower pressure pulse can crush the cylinder as much as a shorter duration, higher pressure pulse, CUP and LUP pressures frequently register lower than actual peak pressures (as measured by a transducer) by up to 20%.
The U.S. based Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) has listed a number of known unsafe firearm chamber and cartridge combinations which can happen due to mixing of different common cartridges. [1] Examples include: Firing a .22 Long Rifle round in a .17 HMR rifle
Ported chamber: A barrel chamber with pressure relief ports that allows gas to leak around the cartridge during extraction. Basically the opposite of a fluted chamber as it is intended for the cartridge to stick to the chamber wall making a slight delay of extraction. This requires a welded-on sleeve with an annular groove to contain the pressure.