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The Austrian government had planned a referendum to assert its sovereignty for 13 March 1938, but Germany invaded Austria the day before in order to prevent the vote taking place. Political enemies (communists, socialists, etc.) and Austrian citizens of Roma or Jewish origin—roughly 360,000 people or 8% of the Austrian population—were not ...
Parliamentary elections were held in Germany (including recently annexed Austria) on 10 April 1938. [1] They were the final elections to the Reichstag during Nazi rule and took the form of a single-question referendum asking whether voters approved of a single list of Nazi and pro-Nazi guest candidates for the 814-member Reichstag, [2] as well as the recent annexation of Austria.
In early 1938, under increasing pressure from pro-unification activists, Austrian chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg announced that there would be a referendum on a possible union with Germany versus maintaining Austria's sovereignty to be held on 13 March. Portraying this as defying the popular will in Austria and Germany, Hitler threatened an ...
Austria's bishops endorsed the Anschluss. [2] In response to a request from the Nazi government, the day before the referendum, all the churches in Austria tolled their bells in support of Hitler. [2] According to official records 99.73% voted Yes in Austria and in Germany 99.08% voted for the annexation. [20]
Kurt Alois Josef Johann von Schuschnigg [a] (German: [ˈʃʊʃnɪk]; 14 December 1897 – 18 November 1977) was an Austrian politician who was the Chancellor of the Federal State of Austria from the 1934 assassination of his predecessor Engelbert Dollfuss until the 1938 Anschluss with Nazi Germany.
March 12 – Anschluss: German troops occupy Austria; annexation is declared the following day. In a result, the Austrian electorate in a national referendum approved Anschluss by an 99.73%. July – The Mauthausen concentration camp is built.
Anschluss: The German army crossed the Austrian border at 8:00 a.m.; Hitler's convoy arrived later that day. [17] Arrests of thousands of potential opponents of the Nazis began. [15] Francoist Spain repealed the Spanish Republic's civil marriage law. [18] Died: Lyda Roberti, 31, Polish-born American actress (heart attack)
After the British ambassador to Berlin, Nevile Henderson on 3 March 1938 had stated that the German claims to Austria were justified, Schuschnigg started a last attempt to retain Austrian autonomy by scheduling a nationwide referendum on 13 March. As part of his effort to ensure victory, he released the Social Democratic leaders from prison and ...