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Isobutanol (IUPAC nomenclature: 2-methylpropan-1-ol) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 OH (sometimes represented as i-BuOH). This colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic smell is mainly used as a solvent either directly or as its esters.
Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C 4 H 9 O H, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers), from a straight-chain primary alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; [1] all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, sec-BuOH, i-BuOH, and t-BuOH).
1-Butanol, also known as butan-1-ol or n-butanol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C 4 H 9 OH and a linear structure. Isomers of 1-butanol are isobutanol, butan-2-ol and tert-butanol. The unmodified term butanol usually refers to the straight chain isomer.
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Isobutanol: 107.7 [10] n-Hexane: 0.66 68.7 [11] n-Butanol: 117.7 [12] Hydrochloric Acid: 84.8 [13] tert-Butanol: 82.5 [14] Chlorobenzene: 131.7 [15] p-chlorobenzotrifluoride: 1.34 136 –36.1 [16] MTBE: 55.2 [17] Pentane: 36.1 [18] Petroleum Ether: 35.0-60.0 [19] Cyclopentane: 49.3 [20] Isopropanol: 82.3 [21] Dichloromethane: 1.33 39.8 [22] n ...
A C4-hydrocarbon, butanol is a drop-in fuel and thus works in vehicles designed for use with gasoline without modification. [1] Both n-butanol and isobutanol have been studied as possible fuels. Both can be produced from biomass (as "biobutanol" [2] [3] [4]) as well as from fossil fuels (as "petrobutanol" [5]).
Like other butanols, butan-2-ol has low acute toxicity. The LD 50 is 4400 mg/kg (rat, oral). [6]Several explosions have been reported [7] [8] [9] during the conventional distillation of 2-butanol, apparently due to the buildup of peroxides with the boiling point higher than that of pure alcohol (and therefore concentrating in the still pot during distillation).
Coefficients for partition between water and solvents wet/dry solvent c e s a b v source w 1-butanol: 0.376 0.434 -0.718 -0.097 -2.350 2.682 [1]w