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More than 90% of Sri Lanka's surface lies on Precambrian strata, some of it dating back 2 billion years. [6] The granulite facies rocks of the Highland Series (gneisses, sillimanite-graphite gneisses, quartzite, marbles, and some charnockites) make up most of the island and the amphibolite facies gneisses, granites, and granitic gneisses of the Vijayan Series occur in the eastern and ...
Sri Lanka was once part of the southern supercontinent Gondwana, which also included South America, Africa, India and Antarctica. Gondwana began to break up 140 million years ago. The tectonic plate on which Sri Lanka was located, the Indian Plate, collided with the Eurasian Plate creating the Himalayas. Sri Lanka was originally part of the ...
The gravity anomaly, or "gravity hole", is centered southwest of Sri Lanka and Kanyakumari, the southernmost tip of mainland India, and east of the Horn of Africa.Due to weaker local gravity, the sea level in the IOGL would be up to 106 m (348 ft) lower than the global mean sea level (reference ellipsoid), if not for minor effects such as tides and currents in the Indian Ocean.
Sri Lanka, [c] historically known as Ceylon, [d] and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean , southwest of the Bay of Bengal , separated from the Indian peninsula by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait .
The Gulf of Mannar (/ m ə ˈ n ɑːr / mə-NAR) (Tamil: மண்ணார் வளைகுடா, romanized: Maṇṇār vaḷaikuṭā; Sinhala: මන්නාරම් බොක්ක, romanized: mannāram bokka) is a large shallow bay forming part of the Laccadive Sea in the Indian Ocean with an average depth of 5.8 m (19 ft). [3]
Adam's Bridge (also known as Rama Setu), connecting India and Sri Lanka; The Isthmus of Panama, whose appearance three million years ago allowed the Great American Biotic Interchange between North America and South America [1] The Sinai Peninsula, linking Africa and Eurasia; UK Land Bridge connecting Ireland and the Continental Mainland
The Sri Lanka montane rain forests is an ecoregion found above 1,000 m in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. Owing to their rich biodiversity , this region is considered to be a super-hotspot within endemic hotspots of global importance. [ 2 ]
Rain clouds over a tank in Sri Lanka The tank cascade system ( Sinhala : එල්ලංගාව , romanized: ellaṅgāva ) is an ancient irrigation system spanning the island of Sri Lanka . It is a network of thousands of small irrigation tanks ( Sinhala : වැව , romanized: wewa ) draining to large reservoirs that store rainwater and ...