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2. Secondary air injection - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_air_injection

   A sensitive reed valve assembly called the aspirator valve is placed in the air injection pumping, which draws its air directly from the clean side of the air filter. During engine idle, brief but periodic negative pressure pulses in the exhaust system draw air through the aspirator valve and into the exhaust stream at the catalytic converter.

3. Catalytic converter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_converter

   A three-way catalytic converter on a gasoline-powered 1996 Dodge Ram Simulation of flow inside a catalytic converter. A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device which converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction.

4. 2020–2022 catalytic converter theft ring - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020–2022_catalytic...

   A catalytic converter is a typically oblong-shaped vehicle emissions control device that makes up part of an automobile's exhaust system. [1] The catalytic converter accelerates a chemical reaction using heat and precious metals contained within the device, such as platinum, rhodium, and palladium (PRP), to transform toxic engine exhaust gases ...

5. Exhaust system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhaust_system

   Exhaust system of the Opel Corsa B 1.2 petrol Exhaust manifold (chrome plated) on a car engine. An exhaust system is used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove. The entire system conveys burnt gases from the engine and includes one or more exhaust pipes. Depending on the overall system ...

6. Vehicle emissions control - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_emissions_control

   The catalytic converter is a device placed in the exhaust pipe, which converts hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and NO x into less harmful gases by using a combination of platinum, palladium and rhodium as catalysts. [16] There are two types of catalytic converter, a two-way and a three-way converter.

7. Lean-burn - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean-burn

   The main drawback of lean-burning is that a complex catalytic converter system is required to reduce NOx emissions. Lean-burn engines do not work well with modern 3-way catalytic converter —which require a pollutant balance at the exhaust port so they can carry out oxidation and reduction reactions—so most modern engines tend to cruise and ...