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In 1913, following the electoral victory of the Democrats in 1912, there was a significant reduction in the average tariff on manufactured goods from 44% to 25%. However, the First World War rendered this bill ineffective, and new "emergency" tariff legislation was introduced in 1922, after the Republicans returned to power in 1921. [45]
The American heritage history of American business & industry, (ISBN 0070011567) (1972), very well illustrated; Ingham, John N. Biographical Dictionary of American Business Leaders (4 vol. 1983); 2014pp; scholarly essays covering 1159 major business leaders excerpt v. 2. Ingham, John N. and Lynne Feldman.
For well over a century the federal government was largely financed by tariffs averaging about 20% on foreign imports. At the end of the American Civil War in 1865 about 63% of Federal income was generated by the excise taxes, which exceeded the 25.4% generated by tariffs. In 1915 during World War I, tariffs generated 30.1% of revenues.
The antitrust laws entitled the federal government to regulate monopolies that had a direct impact on commerce; Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, 221 U.S. 1 (1911) Standard Oil was dismantled into geographical entities given its size, and that it was too much of a monopoly; United States v. American Tobacco Company, 221 U.S. 106 ...
Industrialist Samuel Slater, who Andrew Jackson called "the father of the American Industrial Revolution." Bethlehem Steel in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania was one of the world's leading steel manufacturers for most of the 20th century until 1982 when it discontinued most of its operations. It subsequently declared bankruptcy in 2001 and was ...
Post-Spanish–American War map of "Greater America", including Cuba and the Philippines Spain had once controlled a vast colonial empire , but by the second half of the 19th century only Cuba , Puerto Rico , the Philippines , and some African possessions remained: Spanish West Africa ( Spanish Sahara ), Spanish Guinea , Spanish Morocco and the ...
11. Thurn and Taxis Mail. The private company operated postal service back in the 1800s and enjoyed a monopoly on postal services. The company's dominance came to an end after Prussian victory ...
Based on their experience with the War Industries Board during World War I, many American economists, government officials, and business leaders adopted the associationalist view that close collaboration among business leaders and government officials could efficiently guide the economy. [16]