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The guilder (Dutch: gulden, pronounced [ˈɣʏldə(n)] ⓘ) or florin was the currency of the Netherlands from 1434 until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro.. The Dutch name gulden was a Middle Dutch adjective meaning 'golden', [1] and reflects the fact that, when first introduced in 1434, its value was about equal to (i.e., it was on par with) the Italian gold florin.
While the Dutch guilder was a reserve currency of somewhat lesser scope, used between Europe and the territories of the Dutch colonial empire from the 17th to 18th centuries, it was also a silver standard currency fed with the output of Spanish-American mines flowing through the Spanish Netherlands.
The first European banknotes were issued in 1661 by Stockholms Banco.Founded by Johan Palmstruch, it was a predecessor of Sweden's central bank Sveriges Riksbank. [1] As commercial activity and trade shifted northward in 17th century Europe, deposits at and notes issued by the Bank of Amsterdam denominated in Dutch guilders became the means of payment for much trade in the western world.
As a result of the rising silver prices after the First World War, from 1922 onward the silver content of most Dutch coins were lowered. Then, on 31 December 1931 all Dutch guilder coins struck prior to 1922 were redeemed and demonetized.
Florence gulden (1341). Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch and German gulden, originally shortened from Middle High German guldin pfenninc ("gold penny"). This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the Holy Roman Empire for the Fiorino d'oro (introduced in 1252 in the Republic of Florence).
The Dutch guilder was reintroduced in 1828, and some 1 guilder coins were cut into quarters and stamped with a "C" in 1838 to produce 1 ⁄ 4-guilder coins. In 1900 and 1901, silver 1 ⁄ 10 and 1 ⁄ 4-guilder coins were introduced, which circulated alongside Dutch coins. Following the German occupation of the Netherlands and the separation of ...
Unification of the Dutch monetary system in the beginning of the 18th century introduced guilder and set rijksdaalders and silver ducats at 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 guilders. Following decimalization (in 1816), 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 -guilder coins were no longer produced because a 3-guilder coin was thought to better fit in the series of denominations.
Rijksdaalder of the Dutch Republic, 1622. The main objective of the Wisselbank's establishment was to maintain a stable silver bank currency for the Dutch Republic's burgeoning international trade which was immune from the numerous depreciations which occurred after its independence from Spain, as its constituent provinces kept wringing out more stuivers (worth 1 ⁄ 20 guilder) from a fixed ...