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Tariffs and excise taxes were authorized by the United States Constitution and recommended by the first United States Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton in 1789 to tax foreign imports and set up low excise taxes on whiskey and a few other products to provide the Federal Government with enough money to pay its operating expenses and ...
The silverites argued that using silver would inflate the money supply and mean more cash for everyone, which they equated with prosperity. The gold advocates countered that silver would permanently depress the economy, but that sound money produced by a gold standard would restore prosperity. 1896 GOP posters warn against free silver.
The Civil War Income Tax and the Republican Party, 1861–1872. (New York: Algora Publishing, 2010) excerpt; Stabile, Donald. The Origins of American Public Finance: Debates over Money, Debt, and Taxes in the Constitutional Era, 1776–1836 (1998) excerpt and text search; Thorndike, Joseph J. Their Fair Share: Taxing the Rich in the Age of FDR.
Tariffs and excise taxes were authorized by the United States Constitution and recommended by the first United States Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton in 1789 to tax foreign imports and set up low excise taxes on whiskey and a few other products to provide the Federal Government with enough money to pay its operating expenses and ...
If it is assumed that real incomes remained constant in the South during the war (Lerner actually concluded that they fell by about 40% [3]) then the equation implies that for the price level to increase 92 times in the presence of a 20 times increase in money supply, the velocity of money must have increased 4.6 times over (92/20=4.6 ...
Excise taxes are collected by producers and retailers and paid to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or other state or local government tax collection agency. Historical federal excise tax collections to 1945 are listed in the Historical Statistics of the United States [12] and more recent federal excise tax data is listed in the White House ...
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Basic economics also teaches that the money supply shrinks when loans are repaid; [13] [14] however, the money supply will not necessarily decrease depending on the creation of new loans and other effects. Other than loans, investment activities of commercial banks and the Federal Reserve also increase and decrease the money supply. [15]