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Lockheed A-12, first plane made of 93% titanium. Because titanium alloys have high tensile strength to density ratio, [17] high corrosion resistance, [12] fatigue resistance, high crack resistance, [99] and ability to withstand moderately high temperatures without creeping, they are used in aircraft, armor plating, naval ships, spacecraft, and ...
Titanium alloys are heat treated for a number of reasons, the main ones being to increase strength by solution treatment and aging as well as to optimize special properties, such as fracture toughness, fatigue strength and high temperature creep strength. Alpha and near-alpha alloys cannot be dramatically changed by heat treatment.
Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy commonly exists in alpha, with hcp crystal structure, (SG : P63/mmc) and beta, with bcc crystal structure, (SG : Im-3m) phases. While mechanical properties are a function of the heat treatment condition of the alloy and can vary based upon properties, typical property ranges for well-processed Ti-6Al-4V are shown below.
Pole figures displaying crystallographic texture of gamma-TiAl in a rolled sheet of alpha2-gamma alloy, as measured by high energy X-rays. [2]Gamma TiAl has excellent mechanical properties and oxidation and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures (over 600 °C), which makes it a possible replacement for traditional Ni based superalloy components in aircraft turbine engines.
The mechanical properties of most other alloys depend on the presence of grain boundaries, but at high temperatures, they participate in creep and require other mechanisms. In many such alloys, islands of an ordered intermetallic phase sit in a matrix of disordered phase, all with the same crystal lattice .
Titanium Beta C refers to Ti Beta-C, a trademark for an alloy of titanium originally filed by RTI International. [1] It is a metastable "beta alloy" which was originally developed in the 1960s; Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr, nominally 3% aluminum , 8% vanadium , 6% chromium , 4% molybdenum , 4% zirconium and balance (75%): titanium .
They all crystallize in the hexagonal close-packed structure at room temperature, [32] and rutherfordium is expected to do the same. [33] At high temperatures, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium transform to a body-centered cubic structure. While they are better conductors of heat and electricity than their group 3 predecessors, they are still ...
The traditional technique of titanium production is via the Kroll process which involves chlorination of TiO 2 ore in the presence of carbon and reacting the resulting TiCl 4 with magnesium to produce titanium sponge. These processes take place at temperatures as high as 1040 °C.