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  2. Leverage (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leverage_(statistics)

    The formula then divides by () to account for the fact that we remove the observation rather than adjusting its value, reflecting the fact that removal changes the distribution of covariates more when applied to high-leverage observations (i.e. with outlier covariate values). Similar formulas arise when applying general formulas for statistical ...

  3. Mechanical advantage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_advantage

    The actual mechanical advantage (AMA) is the mechanical advantage determined by physical measurement of the input and output forces. Actual mechanical advantage takes into account energy loss due to deflection, friction, and wear. The AMA of a machine is calculated as the ratio of the measured force output to the measured force input,

  4. Mechanical advantage device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_advantage_device

    A simple machine that exhibits mechanical advantage is called a mechanical advantage device - e.g.: Lever: The beam shown is in static equilibrium around the fulcrum. This is due to the moment created by vector force "A" counterclockwise (moment A*a) being in equilibrium with the moment created by vector force "B" clockwise (moment B*b).

  5. Lever - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever

    The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of output force to input force. M A = F 2 F 1 = a b . {\displaystyle MA={\frac {F_{2}}{F_{1}}}={\frac {a}{b}}.\!} This relationship shows that the mechanical advantage can be computed from ratio of the distances from the fulcrum to where the input and output forces are applied to the lever ...

  6. Compound lever - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_lever

    The figure on the left illustrates a compound lever formed from two first-class levers, along with a short derivation of how to compute the mechanical advantage. With the dimensions shown, the mechanical advantage, W/F can be calculated as ⁠ 10 / 3 ⁠ × ⁠ 9 / 4 ⁠ = 7.5, meaning that an applied force of 1 pound (or 1 kg) could lift a ...

  7. Lever rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever_rule

    In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (x i) or the mass fraction (w i) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram.It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.

  8. Linkage (mechanical) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkage_(mechanical)

    Mechanical linkages are usually designed to transform a given input force and movement into a desired output force and movement. The ratio of the output force to the input force is known as the mechanical advantage of the linkage, while the ratio of the input speed to the output speed is known as the speed ratio. The speed ratio and mechanical ...

  9. Dunkerley's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunkerley's_Method

    The whirling frequency of a symmetric cross section of a given length between two points is given by: = where: E = Young's modulus, I = second moment of area, m = mass of the shaft, L = length of the shaft between points.