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Crystal optics is the branch of optics that describes the behaviour of light in anisotropic media, that is, media (such as crystals) in which light behaves differently depending on which direction the light is propagating. The index of refraction depends on both composition and crystal structure and can be calculated using the Gladstone–Dale ...
A crystal dendrite is a crystal that develops with a typical multi-branching form, resembling a fractal. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word δένδρον ( déndron ), which means "tree" [ citation needed ] , since the crystal's structure resembles that of a tree.
The Tensorial Anisotropy Index A T [5] extends the Zener ratio for fully anisotropic materials and overcomes the limitation of the AU that is designed for materials exhibiting internal symmetries of elastic crystals, which is not always observed in multi-component composites. It takes into consideration all the 21 coefficients of the fully ...
Tensor descriptions of material properties can be used to determine the directional dependence of that property. For a monocrystalline material, anisotropy is associated with the crystal symmetry in the sense that more symmetric crystal types have fewer independent coefficients in the tensor description of a given property.
In addition, physical properties are often controlled by crystalline defects. The understanding of crystal structures is an important prerequisite for understanding crystallographic defects. Most materials do not occur as a single crystal, but are poly-crystalline in nature (they exist as an aggregate of small crystals with different orientations).
In physics, tensor is an orientational order parameter that describes uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals and vanishes in the isotropic liquid phase. [1] The Q {\displaystyle \mathbf {Q} } tensor is a second-order, traceless, symmetric tensor and is defined by [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
The net force on each ion is generally calculated explicitly at each numerical step. From this, the stress tensor of the system can be calculated and usually is calculated by the numerical package. By varying the convergence criteria, one can either seek a lowest energy structure or a structure that produces a desired stress tensor.
An example of the tetragonal crystals, wulfenite Two different views (top down and from the side) of the unit cell of tP30-CrFe (σ-phase Frank–Kasper structure) that show its different side lengths, making this structure a member of the tetragonal crystal system. In crystallography, the tetragonal crystal system is one of the 7 crystal systems.