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Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society". [1] According to the World Health Organization, an explicit health policy can achieve several things: it defines a vision for the future; it outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups; and it builds consensus and informs people.
Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is a field of inquiry that studies "how societies organize themselves in achieving collective health goals, and how different actors interact in the policy and implementation processes to contribute to policy outcomes". [1]
Unwarranted variations in medical practice refer to the differences in care that cannot be explained by the illness/medical need or by patient preferences. The term “unwarranted variations” was first coined by Dr. John Wennberg when he observed small area (geographic) and practice style variations, which were not based on clinical rationale. [5]
Policy for population health "sets priorities" [2] and are a "guide to action to change what would otherwise occur". [2] Policies are based on "social sciences of sociology, economics, demography, public health, anthropology, and epidemiology" [ 4 ] and determine how outcomes can be accomplished are implemented at various levels.
This category contains articles regarding Health policy in the United States. Specific health legislation (acts, laws, etc.) should go in Category:Health law in the United States; Articles about ongoing health care reform can be placed in Category:Healthcare reform in the United States
The 1978 World Health Organization (WHO) declaration at Alma-Ata was the first formal acknowledgment of the importance of intersectoral action for health. [5] The spirit of Alma-Ata was carried forward in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (adopted in Ottawa in 1986), which discussed "healthy public policies" as a key area for health promotion.
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A key issue that health politics engages with is the apolitical nature of health within academia, health professions, and wider society. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] As an interdisciplinary area of study, it is seen as under-researched, with literature focusing on the social and cultural determinants of health at the lack of political ones.