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The round-trip time or ping time is the time from the start of the transmission from the sending node until a response (for example an ACK packet or ping ICMP response) is received at the same node. It is affected by packet delivery time as well as the data processing delay , which depends on the load on the responding node.
A typical method of performing a measurement is to transfer a 'large' file from one system to another system and measure the time required to complete the transfer or copy of the file. The throughput is then calculated by dividing the file size by the time to get the throughput in megabits , kilobits , or bits per second.
Throughput is usually measured in bits per second (bit/s, sometimes abbreviated bps), and sometimes in packets per second (p/s or pps) or data packets per time slot. The system throughput or aggregate throughput is the sum of the data rates that are delivered over all channels in a network. [ 1 ]
In order to calculate the data transmission rate, one must multiply the transfer rate by the information channel width. For example, a data bus eight-bytes wide (64 bits) by definition transfers eight bytes in each transfer operation; at a transfer rate of 1 GT/s, the data rate would be 8 × 10 9 B/s, i.e. 8 GB/s, or approximately 7.45 GiB/s
In a one-way time transfer system, one end transmits its current time over some communication channel to one or more receivers. [4]: 116 The receivers will, at reception, decode the message, and either just report the time, or adjust a local clock which can provide hold-over time reports in between the reception of messages.
The file transfer rate in bit/s can be calculated as the file size (in bytes) divided by the file transfer time (in seconds) and multiplied by eight. As an example, the goodput or data transfer rate of a V.92 voiceband modem is affected by the modem physical layer and data link layer protocols.
TCP window scale option is needed for efficient transfer of data when the bandwidth-delay product (BDP) is greater than 64 KB [1].For instance, if a T1 transmission line of 1.5 Mbit/s was used over a satellite link with a 513 millisecond round-trip time (RTT), the bandwidth-delay product is ,, =, bits or about 96,187 bytes.
Double data rate (DDR) RAM performs two transfers per clock cycle, and it is usually described by this transfer rate. Because the CAS latency is specified in clock cycles, and not transfers (which occur on both the rising and falling edges of the clock), it is important to ensure it is the clock rate (half of the transfer rate) which is being ...