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The temperature of the air near the surface of the Earth is measured at meteorological observatories and weather stations, usually using thermometers placed in a shelter such as a Stevenson screen—a standardized, well-ventilated, white-painted instrument shelter. The thermometers should be positioned 1.25–2 m above the ground.
Figure 1 This diagram illustrates how sunlight is spread over a greater area in the polar regions. In addition to the density of incident light, the dissipation of light in the atmosphere is greater when it falls at a shallow angle. Figure 2 One sunbeam one mile wide shines on the ground at a 90° angle, and another at a 30° angle.
Height versus temperature under normal atmospheric conditions (black line). When the layer from 6–8 kilometres (4–5 miles) (designated A-B) descends dry adiabatically, the result is the inversion seen near the ground at 1–2 kilometres (1–1 mile) (C-D).
A big swath of Siberia has been way, way warmer than normal this year. The conspicuous warm spot — seen on climate maps produced by NASA, NOAA, and other agencies — has had quite a run.
Earth recorded its hottest year ever in 2024, with such a big jump that the planet temporarily passed a major climate threshold, several weather monitoring agencies announced F… USA TODAY 14 ...
On Thursday, the average global temperature reached 17.23 degrees Celsius, or 63.01 degrees Fahrenheit, the highest since NCEP records first started in 1979, according to the University of Maine's ...
Global surface temperature (GST) is the average temperature of Earth's surface. More precisely, it is the weighted average of the temperatures over the ocean and land. The former is also called sea surface temperature and the latter is called surface air temperature. Temperature data comes mainly from weather stations and satellites.
Satellites measure radiances in various wavelength bands, which must then be mathematically inverted to obtain indirect inferences of temperature. [1] [2] The resulting temperature profiles depend on details of the methods that are used to obtain temperatures from radiances. As a result, different groups that have analyzed the satellite data ...